| In carbonate studies, we have among the largest
and most diverse group of faculty in the nation, including Paul Enos,
Robert Goldstein, Luis Gonzalez, Evan Franseen, Lynn Watney, Bob
Buddemeier, Lee Gerhard, Jennifer Roberts and Tim Carr. These researchers
are involved in sequence stratigraphy of carbonate platform evolution,
diagenetic variables affecting carbonate reservoirs and three-dimensional
characterization of carbonate reservoir systems. Their students are
working in highly diverse areas of research, some concentrating on
field-based projects in sequence stratigraphy, others concentrating on
diagenesis and fluid flow, and others focusing on subsurface geology
and the controls on carbonate reservoir character.
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Paul Enos studies the sedimentology and diagenesis of carbonates. Current projects
involve the evolution of Triassic carbonate platforms in south China and the development of the Triassic
Lofer cyclothems in the Alps. Paul focused on Cretaceous rocks of Mexico for many years, but left a
few problems unsolved. He keeps in touch with developments in modern carbonates in Florida and the
Bahamas through field trips with student and industry groups. Recent students have worked on sequence
development in Ordovician and Mississippian strata in the subsurface of Kansas as well as the
Pennsylvanian outcrops. Paul went to sea with the Ocean Drilling Program to study drowned atolls and
carbonate platforms in the northwest Pacific. He headed up the diagenetic study of cores recovered from
that cruise.
Bob Goldstein's research emphasizes an integrative approach to studies in carbonate diagenesis
and sequence stratigraphy. His research methods include field and petrographic techniques complemented
by fluid-inclusion, stable-isotope, and trace-element data. Bob's current thrusts are in two areas:
the integration of diagenesis with sequence stratigraphy to better understand controls on depositional
sequence architecture and to develop better understanding of diagenetic systems, and the development of
new techniques involving fluid inclusions in diagenetic minerals. Recently, Bob and Evan Franseen
developed a new technique for quantifying relative sea level history and they are using the technique
in Miocene strata to better understand the variables that control depositional sequence architecture in
carbonates. Other recent developments involve innovative work to analyze the composition and pressure
of entrapment of fluid inclusions as a means of tracing the physical and chemical evolution of
diagenetic systems. Bob and his students are currently studying fluid inclusions, diagenesis and
sequence stratigraphy in the Pennsylvanian and Permian of New Mexico and Kansas, the Cretaceous of
Mexico, the Miocene of Spain, the Permian of many areas of North America, the Eocene of Enewetak
Atoll, the Pliocene of the Bahamas, and the Ordovician of Kansas.
Evan Franseen - EvanÕs research primarily involves carbonate rocks, although many of the
research projects are in mixed carbonate and siliciclastic systems. His research approach is
integrative and projects to date have utilized outcrop and subsurface data, high-resolution and
conventional seismic methods, ground-penetrating radar, paleomagnetic methods, biostratigraphy,
petrography, and geochemical techniques to better discern global, regional, and local variables that
control carbonate depositional systems. A recent initiative involves hydrostratigraphic studies.
Tim Carr Tim is working on several projects on carbonate reservoir geology including using
geostatistical approaches to estimate reservoir parameters away from the wellbore and ways to
upscale the complexities of carbonates to a level that van be input to reservoir simulations.
Working on the geomorphology of karst terranes and the effect on reservoir development and exploitation
strategies (e.g., horizontal drilling, miscible CO2 flooding).
Bob Buddemeier - Bob Buddemeier's interests in carbonates focus on issues involving corals
and coral reefs, and overlap with his interests in biogeochemisttry and sediment processes. He is
primarily concerned with environmental correlates and controls of carbonate production and coral reef
and community development, and is particularly interested in relating local conditions and processes
to larger scale issues. He is the author of numerous invited review and overview articles on coral
reefs and global change. See also http://129.237.141.105/webpub/ncri/ncripage.htm Bob's interests
in sediment generation, transport and deposition are closely linked to his overall interests in
water and carbon fluxes and budgets at the earth systems level, and his coral-reef and other
interests in biogeomorphology and biogeochemistry. He is cooperating in projects to assess
controls on both biogenic sediments and the dynamics of fluvial sediment delivery in the global
coastal zone.
Lee Gerhard Lee conducts research to synthesize ruling paradigms governing carbonate
formation and diagenesis. He is also involved in studies of carbonate sedimentology of the St.
Croix/Buck Island Shelf.
Lynn Watney - Watney is currently involved in characterizing Pennsylvanian oomoldic carbonate
reservoirs to isolate effective porosity (permeable) in what is believed to be extensive remaining
petroleum reservoirs in the Midcontinent. He also investigates the impact of depositional cyclicity,
diagenesis, and multiple episodes of structural reactivation on the regional and local distribution
of Mississippian chert oil and gas reservoirs in the Midcontinent.
Jennifer Roberts - Jennifer's research explores the role microorganisms play in global
silicate weathering and carbonate diagenesis. Microbial weathering dominates diagenesis in some
environments, producing a biological weathering history in the rock record that has no
relationship to traditional abiotic weathering sequences. Recent work by Jennifer and her
students has shown how microorganisms induce precipitation of dolomite at low temperature.
Luis Gonzalez -
Examples of recent publications
Baker, R. G., Bettis III, E. A., Denniston, R. F., Gonzalez, L. A., Strickland, L. E., and Krieg, J. R. 2002. Holocene paleoenvironments in southeastern Minnesota chasing the prairie-forest ecotone: Palaeogeography, Palaeoecology, Palaeoclimatology v. 177, p. 103-122.
Baker, R. G., Bettis, E. A. III, Denniston, R. F., and Gonzalez, L. A. 2001, Plant remains, alluvial chronology, and cave speleothem isotopes indicate abrupt Holocene climatic change at 6ka in Midwestern USA, Global and Planetary Change, v. 28, p.285-291.
Bucur, I.I. and Enos, Paul, M. 2001. Middle Triassic Dasyclad Algae from Guizhou, China: Micropaleontology, v. 47, no.4, p. 317-338.Carlson, R.C., Goldstein, R.H., and Enos, Paul, (in press) Effects of Subaerial Exposure on Porosity Evolution in the Carboniferous Lisburne Group, Northeastern Brooks Range, Alaska: : W. Ahr, ed., Permo-Carboniferous Platforms and Reefs, SEPM-AAPG Special Publication #
Denniston, R. F., Gonzalez, L. A., Asmerom, Y., Baker, R. G., Reagan, M. K. Bettis, E. A. III. 1999. Evidence for increased cool season moisture during the middle Holocene: Geology, v. 27 (9), p. 815-818.
Denniston, R. F., Gonzalez, L. A., Asmerom, Y., Polyak, V., Reagan, M. K., Saltzman, M. R. 2001. A high- resolution speleothem record of climatic variability during the Aller¿d-Younger Dryas transition in Missouri, central United States: Palaeogeography, Palaeoecology, Palaeoclimatology, v. 176, p. 147-155.
Denniston, R. F., Gonzalez, L. A., Asmerom, Y., Reagan, M. K., and Recelli-Snyder, H. 2000. Speleothem carbon isotopic records of early Holocene environments in the Ozark Highlands, U.S.A. Quaternary International, v. 67, p. 21-27.
Enos, Paul. 1999. Mid-Cretaceous carbonates of Mexico. In Scholle, P.A., and James, N.P. eds., Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary carbonates and associated rocks: Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Photo CD set (with explanatory text) 94021, 120 photos
Enos, Paul. (in press), Bioclasts, in Middleton, G.V., ed. Encyclopedia of Sedimentology
Franseen, E.K, Goldstein, R.H., and Esteban, Mateu. 2001. Miocene strata of southeastern Spain, sequence development, predictability and porosity distribution, AAPG Field Seminar Guidebook, 168 pp.
Frappier, A., Sahagian, D., Gonzalez, L. A., and Carpenter, S. J. 2002. El Nino events recorded by stalagmite carbon isotopes: Science, v. 298, p. 565.
Goldstein, R. H. 2001. Fluid inclusions in sedimentary and diagenetic systems, Lithos, v. 55, 159-193
Goldstein, R.H. 2001. Perspectives: Paleoenvironment, Clues from Fluid Inclusions, Science, v. 294, p. 1009-1010.
Gonzalez, L. A., Neuhoff, P. S., Larue, D. K.,Uribe, R. M., and Ruiz, H. M. (in review) Diagenesis of hydrocarbon bearing concretions in south-central Puerto Rico: Tectonism and early hydrocarbon generation. Submitted to AAPG Bulletin, 20 ms p., 11, figs. 1 table.
Luczaj, J. A. and Goldstein, R.H. 2000. Diagenesis of the lower Permian Krider Member, southwest Kansas: fluid inclusion, U-Pb, and fission-track evidence for reflux dolomitization during latest Permian time: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 70, p. 762-773
Mallarino, G., Goldstein, R.H., and Di Stefano, P. 2002. New Approach for quantifying water depth applied to the enigma of drowning of carbonate platforms: Geology, v. 30, p. 783-786.
McKirahan, J.R., and Goldstein, R.H., and Franseen, E. K. (in press) Build-and-fill sequences: How subtle paleotopography affects 3-D heterogeneity of potential reservoir facies: : W. Ahr, ed., Permo-Carboniferous Platforms and Reefs, SEPM-AAPG Special Publication #
Montgomery, P., Farr, M.R., Franseen, E.K., and Goldstein, R.H. 2001, Constraining controls on carbonate sequences with high resolution chronostratigraphy: Upper Miocene, Cabo de Gata region, SE Spain: Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology, v. 2693, p. 1-35
Newell, K. D., and Goldstein, R.H. 1999. A new technique for surface and shallow subsurface paleobarometry using fluid inclusions: an example form the Upper Ordovician Viola formation, Kansas, USA: Chemical Geology, v. 154, p.97-111.
Newell, K. D., Goldstein, R.H., and Burdick, C.J. (in press) Diagenesis and late-stage porosity development in Pennsylvanian Strawn Formation, Val Verde Basin, Texas: W. Ahr, ed., Permo-Carboniferous Platforms and Reefs, SEPM-AAPG Special Publication #
Newell, K.D., and Goldstein, R.H. 1999. Evidence from fluid inclusions on depths, timing, and environments of dolomitization in Ordovician Viola Formation, Kansas, USA; in Proceedings of the Fifteenth Biennial European Conference on Research on Fluid Inclusions, Potsdam, Germany: Terra Nostra 99 (GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam), v. 6 , p. 214-216
Rankey, E., Enos, Paul, and Steffen, Kelly. (in press), Michelle was a dud: minimal impact on tidal flats, Andros Island, Bahamas: Marine Geology
Rasbury, E. T., Meyers, W.J., Hanson, G.N., Goldstein, R.H., and Saller, A.H. 2000. Relationship of uranium to petrography of caliche paleosols with application to precisely dating the time of sedimentation: Journal of Sedimentary Research, p. 604-618.
Ufnar D. F., Gonzalez, L. A., Ludvigson, G. A., Brenner, R. L., and Witzke, B. J. 2002. The mid-Cretaceous water bearer: isotope mass balance quantification of the Albian hydrologic cycle: Palaeogeography, Palaeoecology, Palaeoclimatology v. 188, p. 51-71.
Ufnar D. F., Gonzalez, L. A., Ludvigson, G. A., Brenner, R. L., and Witzke, B. J. 2001. Stratigraphic implications of meteoric sphaerosiderite _18O compositions in paleosols of the Cretaceous (Albian) Boulder Creek Formation, NE British Columbia foothills, Canada: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 71, No. 6, p. 119-130.
White, T. S., Gonzalez, L. A., Ludvigson, G. A., and Poulsen, C. J. 2001. Middle Cretaceous Greenhouse Hydrologic Cycle of North America: Geology, v. 29, no. 4, p. 363-366.
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